Management Control and Workers Participation

Management Control and Workers ParticipationTing Cheuk SzeToday, I come to tell you a criminalize book, at least it used to be banned in the last 1980s in China which everyone enamors as modern literary classic nowadays. It is cardinal Eight- Four, written by English author George Orwell, he is a literary great writer. The outline of the story actu all in ally is very simple, it is or so the year 1984. He imagined a future world. In that future world experient a nu square away fight, the whole war in ruins. Finally, leave three countries. One of the countries cal guide Oceania. It is believed to be composed of the United States and Britain. Sides of the Atlantic, in that location are also countries called Eurasia and Eastasia.These three countries in a state of war. The war between the three countries all occur in unmanned land, the territory of any country is never compromised. What were they fighting for? In fact, they were not mainly fighting for resources or ideological s truggle. The war can stimulate a national sense of patriotism, hatred of other countries, taking advantages for domination. 1984 world completely eradicate all other circumstances operate to the loss of causation of the ruling class of their own in addition to the problem occurred. First he controlled the production of all things, that does not let too many community a good solution to the problem of food, clothing and present the energy to think most reasonable and objective laws of the world ruling class led to the presence of mass appear moderate. As Weber (1978) said, business is discharged without regard for persons. Moreover, he does not let people starved to death and others lead to revolt. Then, he controlled everyones mind, namely to make everyone except the government should not think of the things you think about, even with the existence of God and other depots of the elimination of emancipation leads to these ideas cannot be propagated, which is to eradicate th e possibility of more powerful groups rose up against the middle-man. It is control by bureaucracy rules, it ensures the production and economic activities are in a predictable and impersonal manner control, which similar Nazi Germany ruling. Personal relationship is not necessary for organization. Is bureaucracy is good or bad? The essential of bureaucratic organization for Nazi Germany have been show by Zygmunt Bauman (1989). Impersonal bureaucratic rules is working well for organization achieve specific goal. Bureaucratic organization proceed the business in efficiency way, stabilize the production and economic precisely the activity is impersonal(weber,1978). However, the education from bureaucratic organization are different from other, which mean that the term of impersonal maybe have a different meaning in bureaucratic culture. Moreover, the standard of being a human such as happiness, sadness, self-assertion is different.According to Fayol (in stewart,1997), manager cove r the tasks of planning, motivating, controlling and coordinating. There are moreover three countries that society, each one the same but in such a strange state of society, each understand a wide range of war unfavorable ruling, but the war is present and mustiness be, because they see the war has become a way to control resources, that is, when food and other necessities of excess production will lead to a lot of people out all day in order to meet the food and clothing problem When run around and attend to other cases, the government will use war to solve these too much of resources, so as to achieve domestic stability, which is the so-called war that is peace. Therefore, only the right to rule rests in the hands of the rulers, and extreme point personality cult also indirectly eliminate the possible problem of the ruling class, which is an extremely stable society. War was not to conquer or agitate territory, but to maintain a stable rule. I think peace from here is not for w hole community but for the ruling class. The majority of people appease struggle financially, only the upper layer benefit from war. War can help the party to manage the whole country.The rule methods are roughly exactly the same in three countries, are made of a very authoritarian party. The book describes the social, history can be changed, the party people of the country live in dire straits, food is not satiation, but also deeply convinced that extremely privileged life now. People dungeon in a variety of proctoring, thinking from, even instinct bow to the party-state. For people who do not like the party-state may make him disappear immediately, so that we are convinced that this person never existed. Production output is just a number, perhaps the fact that there is no start production. People still walk barefoot on the road. Woman being trained to lowerher with the party-state men just to complete the task of the party-state, as the party-state production people. The child ren always watched their parents, if the parents have found that attempts to reveal the party-state or abnormal behavior, they ran thought police that give hair. Party state to prove his words always right, change constantly newsprint previously published remarks. History is forgotten, no party state impossible things. They are bureaucratic organizations, control the entire country. This book mainly is written about Oceania. The people are being brainwashing by the party, the nation people have to listen to party word. They even fabricated news to change history. They get the people obey and monitor the nationals every day. If nationals cannot meet their criteria, they will be caught because of thought crime literally. They will be disappeared or evaporated.According to Bell (1962), the constitution and process of work has been transformed by the ideology of rationalism, with significant implication for the worker. Moreover, modern work s about the timing, pace and space constrai nts. The worker rent to adapt to the working system of the industry, and it determines where and how working he/she lives. Merton (1940) mentioned, bureaucratic organization is impersonal machines. It is a rational management organizational structure. It must follow a specific set of rule and procedures, with clear authority registration, transfer responsibilities from top to bottom, the emergence is the result of social division. He also states that any organization must have some form of authority as a foundation. The appropriate authority can eliminate confusion and bring order. They cannot achieve organizational goals if there are no such authoritative organizations.The protagonist is called Winston Smith he was working in a very important sector in Oceania. It is called Ministry of Truth, but it is a Ministry which is full of lie. It changes the real history. For example, they would say the invent airplane. They entertain the public. Winston Smith liable for modifying the pas t new. Slowly he began to have doubts about this ruling and became a very dangerous man.The experience of management from Watson (1994), there is a strong sense that what workers do is right and it involves identity work, to find out who I am. Winston is clear that he was doing wrong. However, he did not have enough power to against as a person who be managed. Winston try to find out what is the real self. Abraham Maslow (1968) and Carl Roger (1961) befool human life is a search for the authentic self. The real information provide by party which make people ideality themselves as party want. However, Winston experienced the world that is not control by bureaucratic organizations, which make him different from other.He fell in love with a girl, but please demarcation that the relationship between man and woman is not allowed in this totalitarian. It is a knowledgeablely repressed country. Bureaucratic manager is an amoral, efficiency-seeking character as Maclnytyhe (1985) said. Mc Mylor (1994) also urge that management is not a scientific way of practice built upon factual law-like generalizations. More likely to say the party is controlling the people than managing the people. The procedure of marriage is to have children and train more national comrades. They thought to enjoy sex, then also try to revolt the country. Then, they were caught. Both afflicted and been brainwashed. They had vowed never betray each other. In the end, they were brainwashed successfully and betrayed each others.After the twentieth century, modern technology makes totalitarian politics becomes feasible. Such as radio, broadcast which through with(predicate) modern totalitarian political will promote their partys idea and achievement. In the story, Nineteen Eight- Four, the most important technological product is telescreen. Its function is not only can play propaganda, but also as monitor used. Party place the screen throughout the country. People are monitored in home, office, s quare, corridors. In Oceania, the monitor is not target to against the behavior, but the thought. Goldstein (in the story)Mention in the book, the inability of the past totalitarian fully implemented, as a result of unable to grasp the peoples action.He control the past control the future, he who controls the present controls the past. The self follows the change on the social, the self is seen as historically produced and socially structured (Casey, 1995, P66). Winston Smith responsible for modifying the news. Winston had been proletarian district which is less relate the party and try to find whether before the revolution better than now, and finally failed. The grasp of reality is the most important aspect of the human personality, but this aspect has been destroyed by Ministry of truth. It also destroyed the human imagination. It manages everyones entertainment, novels and movies. As long as the purpose is to control their imagination. liking can help people to imagine the diff erent possibilities when face with reality. Ministry of truth make people cannot imagine other environment that actual can happen. They escape imagination and becomes the slaves of reality, and the reality with is modified and controlled.The country attempts to modify the text, simplified expression of the text in order to more accurately grasp the reality. For example, they cannot say authentic words big brother is ungood when after long term of brainwashing. The accept the new language, and will think big brother is ungood is a contradictory argument, logically it makes no sense. The external environment is how brainwashing work. It is possible the social relation can be systematic control in management. Therefore, treats people as if they were scarcely objects rather than also as subject. (Grey, 2013, P99)Big brother is watching you. Slogan are everywhere on the streets of all cities. Family can always hear the partys propaganda in their home. The environment that Winston Smit h face, when he speaks, party heard at any moment, the police will go to monitor people behavior as well.In this story, sex is an important issue. Sexual attraction is taboo in bureaucratic organizations but anger and competitiveness are normally condoned (Martin et al. 1998434). Winston and his young lady began a sexual liberation at the beginning, which is an action to against the government. In the high political repression, sex is repressed. Conversely, sexual liberation brings a revolt to against the high-pressure politics. Winston described his girlfriend as a half of a traitor. Although she pursuits sexual liberation, she did not seem to seek liberation. She was party members, she knew the party would confound right and wrong and turn things upside down. Winstons girlfriend did not believe the party said, but will be still applauded warmly in every convocation. In personal, she is totally not believing it. What she thinks about is satisfaction from daily needs.In my point of view of society in 1984 can also be applied in the community nowadays to a certain extent. Think of our life now, everyone has a cell phone on hand. We like to share life now everyone has a cell phone on hand. We like to share life with other. We automatically show our life to others instead Big Brother. Big Brother is everyone around us.Thank you for your attention.(1976 words)ReferencesAbraham H. Maslow (1968)Toward a Psychology of Being-Reprint of 1962 random variable First Edition Start Publishing LLC an imprint of NBN Books on Jan 1, 1968Bell,D(1960). The end of ideology (rev.ed.).New York, NY Free PressCasey, C. (1995). Work, self and society after industrialism. London Routledge.Grey, C. (2013). A very short, fairly interesting and reasonably cheap book about studying organizations (3rd ed). London Sage.MacIntyre, A. (1985). After virtue (2nd ed). London Duckworth.Martin, J. 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