Meaning of Professionalism and Why Healthcare Providers Are Held to Higher Standard of Accountability

Criminal Justice brass Kimberly Cruse Kaplan University October 14, 2012 CJ150 Juvenile Delinquency The current new-made evaluator form (JJS) has evolved everyplace the past century with numerous differences that distinguish it from the criminal justice system (CJS). Juvenile justice proponents argued that the young person posses diminished responsibility as rise up as legal understanding. The earliest chat up started in Chicago, in 1899. A century later, in that location has been considerable debate on the goals as swell as the legal procedures for handling teen offenders.The most intriguing incredulity is whether to treat upstart offenders divers(prenominal)ly than full-grown offenders. This debate draws numerous opinions from citizens, insurance policy makers, and specialists (Edwards, 2008). Initially, the establishment of the JJS targeted individualized justice, and it cogitateed on reformation of youthful offenders. However, although there were some other out standing mitigations, the begyard superseded with its emphasis on c ar and rehabilitation of the teenage offenders.Consequently, the proponents upheld the youth responsible for their unlawful behavior. In addition, they asserted that fraternity needed protection through an informal justice system (IJS). This would focus on the suitable treatment and childrens interests. Moreover, this approach is still applicable and effective for numerous juvenile offenders whose crimes state offenses and property offenses to drug offenses. Sources ready revealed that a number of states permit adopted separate programs within the adult correctional centers.Florida and South Carolina are the two states that have established different facilities for housing juvenile inmates. The climb on range is the key determinant of which youth ought to be housed in such(prenominal) facilities. In the above-mentioned states, the two age ranges are between 18 and 21, or 18 and 25. I confusablely support t he idea of housing them in different facilities thus avoiding lessons of mistreatment (Elrod &type A Ryder, 2011). Current sources have revealed a rise in the fr natural action of cases affect in the juvenile court system.For instance, the number of cases processed in such courts in 2005 was 1. 6 million. The research has headn that the drug law violation, public do offense, and property offense cases are among those dealt with in a juvenile court. The graphs show an increase, along with a decline in the number of cases directed to juvenile courts for processing (Elrod & antiophthalmic factor Ryder, 2011). It is notable that, in each state, government has ensured the organism of a court to handle crimes committed by juvenile offenders.Judges who are responsible for handling this category of criminals must have specialized in juvenile, unitedly with domestic relation issues. The state of Massachusetts has made round innovations through the formation of a statewide juvenile cour t, which lies under the exertion court. It has its chief justice and many divisions across the state. I would also action such an idea, as it would bring such services closer to the great deal (Elrod & Ryder, 2011). There are numerous reasons behind the transfer of juvenile offenders to adult courts.The magnitude of offenses committed by some of the juveniles, for instance, fails to offer them the virtuousness endowed to juveniles whose cases are conducted in juvenile courts. The transfer of such youths is honorable to themselves as they are in a position to learn nigh the seriousness of their mistakes, therefore, trying to avoid them since they become aware of the repercussions. Moreover, such an action is beneficial to the society as these youths do not have the granting immunity to walk about freely in their communities.Finally, these transfers benefit the system, as it is involved to handle some cases committed by juveniles, while in juvenile courts. In case of a tran sfer, youths become adults legally and face similar treatment to that for adults. After a careful examination of the reasons behind such transfers, I strongly support this practice. Currently, three main mechanisms are applicable for transfer of a juvenile to an adult court. As depicted in this source, the first mechanism is the judicial waiver, which has been in application since ancient epochs. A number of elements distinguish it from other mechanisms.For instance, the examination of the likely reasons for the juvenile to have committed the crime is among the basic elements. Secondly, it becomes necessary to consider the threats of such a youth to the society (Elrod and Ryder, 2011). Moreover, it considers the system to which the juvenile court system smoke effectively handle such a case. In a scenario, whereby the case is so serious, a careful evaluation of how the adult court fanny handle such a case becomes a point of focus. The other mechanism known as the legislative waiver has been in use, in various states of America.This mechanism forms its decision on the age, along with the offense measuring stick of the juvenile. The third and final mechanism is the prosecutorial waiver. This is different from the other two mechanisms as it permits a concurrent jurisdiction in the two dissimilar court systems. Similarly, both the age together with the offense criterion demand on the lookout considerations. A number of chores arise in case of transferring juveniles to an adult court for trial. The decision to transfer these youths can bring adverse consequences to the youths.Prosecution of these youths in ease up criminal courts exposes them to criminals known to have committed serious offenses than them. Eventually, they may repair into learning how to commit similar crimes. Additionally, erosion of their civil rights is a problem allied to such a transfer. In various scenarios, such a transfer fails to curb the increasing rate of recidivism, therefore, the d eterioration of the security of friendships security. It would be crucial to transfer only those cases that the juvenile court cannot address with efficacy.If I was a judge, the state would have to prove to me that the juvenile court would find it intricate to handle such a case, together with the effectiveness of the needed superior court (Elrod and Ryder, 2011). References Edwards, J. (2008). Introduction to the juvenile justice system. Raleigh, NC lulu. com publishers Elrod, P. & Ryder. (2011). Juvenile justice a social, historical, and legal perspective. Sunbury, MA Jones &Bartlett learning publishers. Siegel, L. J. (2011). Juvenile delinquency The core (4th ed. ). Mason Cengage development/Wadsworth.

A Career In The Culinary Arts Essay

The culinary arts suffer many go opportunities in spite of appearance the nutrition service industry. As this industry has grown and prospered, a go in this field has become extremely visible and offers the flexibility to plough anywhere. Although a course in culinary arts requires extensive maestro fostering and discip guide, it offers a combination of ch every(prenominal)enging and creative grow and weed provide real problem satisfaction.The culinary arts argon brusk to anyone who loves food, cooking, and a challenge. Although the majority of chefs are men, women are gaining master chef status, which is the highest level they move achieve in culinary arts according to the American culinary Federation (Donovan 1 and 18). This achievement comes after meeting strict requirements for experience, education, competition, and pass(a) an exam. A chef must be skilled in cooking, baking, presentation, cold foods, and pabulum while make watering in various conditions (Donova n 18). Many kitchens have unexampled equipment, convenient work areas, and air conditioning. Older places may have marginally equipped and ventilated kitchens. Working conditions excessively depend on the type and quantity of food being prepared and local laws governing food operations (Donovan 18).see moremoose tobeA chef requires stamina as he must stand, lift heavy pots, pans, and kettles, and work near savoury ovens and ranges (Chmelynski 47). Many chefs have infrastanded fame for themselves and the places where they work due to their skills, but how did they trip up there? Cooking is a profession that emphasizes continuous ascertaining. An increasing account of chefs are controling initial cooking through high school or post high school programs. Although a high school fleece is not required for beginning jobs in the culinary arts, it is highly recommended for a line of achievement as a chef (Chmelynski 25). Many two and four social class colleges offer programs i n the culinary arts.Many of the leading chefs agree that dress schooling is the better(p) way to begin a career in the culinary arts (Peterson 15). Schools offer an fortune to quickly gain heavy knowledge of cooking techniques, nutrition and sanitation theory, and various foods. The type of training a chef receives is not exactly similar to other careers. Instead of all classroom education, the trainee incorporates hands-on, practical work as an apprentice (Donovan 29). An apprenticeship is an on-the-job training program. Typical apprenticeship programs entail completion of specific term (typically, three age or 6,000 hours) of full time enjoyment for wages in a kitchen under a qulified chef (Peterson 26). Besides a quality education, a career in the culinary arts subscribe tos dedication, perseverance, and hard work.A chefs career usually starts at the bottom of the kitchen staff. Some trainees are surprised to honor so much repetitive and boring work. The hours are lon g and demanding and the work is exhausting and highly stressful (Chmelynski VII). The chef must be able to work in a team setting while preparing food in all stages of production, possess a keen sense of taste and smell, be in good physical health, and have good personal hygiene. virtually states require health certificates indicating that kitchen workers are free from contagious diseases (Chmelynski 26). The chef must learn how to handle stress and develop people skills, as he exit have to coordinate kitchen operations with management and consistently satisfy customers. If a chef is comfortable with other people passing judgment on his work, whence the rewards are numerous.Pay rates of chefs vary depending on the part of the orbit and the type of establishment in which they work. Wages are broadly high(prenominal) in the west and in well-known places and hotels. Chefs in famous restaurants earn much more than the minimum rate of $40,000 a year with the additional benefits of health, dental, and life insurance and a profit sharing plan (Donovan 51). The best benefits are satisfaction as a respected, skilled professional and the opportunity to travel and work in a renewing of settings.Plenty of employment opportunities exist in the culinary arts. There is a strong demand for talented, well-trained personnel within the food service industry. Approximately, 3.4 million chefs, cooks, and other kitchen workers were busy in 1996 (Chmelynski 48). Usually the kitchen staff is set up in the conventional Brigade system with three levels- the entry, mid, and chef (Donovan 17). Entry-level positions are the kitchen apprentice and prep person. They generally clean, trim, and prepare vegetables for stocks, soups, and salads (Donovan 25). Mid-level positions are line cooks working on the food line. The line chefs titles are saut, broiler, vegetable, pantry, and pastry (Donovan 21). The top level is the take chef and sous chef (Donovan 17). The read/write head chef is the authority in the kitchen and is responsible for all kitchen operations (Donovan 16).The sous chef is in intrust of the kitchen when the head chef is away (Donovan 20). The size of kitchen staff depends on the type of establishment, variety of food items prepared, and the number of customers served (Donovan 20). However, no matter the size of the operation, advancement opportunities for chefs are better than other culinary art positions. Many chefs acquire higher paying positions and new cooking skills by moving from one job to another. Others advance to executive chef positions in hotels, clubs, and elegant restaurants (Chmelynski 27). A review of highly respected master chefs indicates there is no substitute for experience or education.Julia Child, master chef and author, trained at the famous Cordon Bleu School under the master chef Max Bugnard (Child 19). Paul Bocuse, a famous master chef, bound to legendary French Chef Fernand Point (Bocuse 9). Emeril Lagasse, Com manders Palace head chef in New Orleans, graduated from Johnson and Wales University in Denver with a detail in culinary arts (Lagasse xi). These chefs show the different ways to obtain a career in the culinary arts.In conclusion, a career in the culinary arts requires a foundation of basic skills and knowledge. It also requires extensive formal education with hands-on training, a desire to be the very best, discipline, and a creative imagination. This is an exciting time to be beginning a career in the culinary arts. Not only does it provide a competitive salary, job security, and numerous benefits it gives you the flexibility to work at national resorts, fine hotels, and exclusive restaurants. Throughout the country there is a strong demand for chefs that are well trained, talented, and creative. It might be evoke to explore the employment opportunities at the 2002 Winter Olympics at Salt Lake City, Utah.

A Thousand Splendid Suns Essay

Come. in that respect is a way to be good again, tell Rahim caravanserai to ameer. In the novel the Kite Runner by Khaled Hosseini, amir, the main character, expresses his thoughts and actions due to his deleterious choices. The tribulations he faced were all repercussions of the guilt committed by his rejoicing youth. His sins ravaged the archaean stages of his life and gave him a troublesome memory full(a) of guilt. As the novel progressed, amir act to disengage the memory of his sin and for energize closely it.Amir soon faced the long everyplace due road to repurchase. Khaled Hosseinis novel the Kite Runner is about redemption, and that the lifelong pursuit of happiness will never be action without it. At a young age Amir and Hassan were best friends, rase though Amir was roughly expressing it. Amir and Hassan wondered domainy activities together as Khaled expressed in his novel I spent most of the origin twelve years of my life playing with Hassan.Sometimes, my entire childhood incurms similar one long lazy summer day with Hassan, chasing each some other between tangles of trees in my founders yard, playing hide-and-seek, cops and robbers, cowboys and Indians, insect badgering We saw our first Western together, Rio Bravo with antic Wayne, at the movie Park, stated Amir. Amir stated all these friend-like activities, yet witnessed the internal abuse administered by Assef and his goons on Hassan without a peep from his mouth. At this pinnacle Amirs lust for obtaining the kite, so he could finally enjoy love from his father had over come his friendship.That temporary love apt(p) to Amir by his father was enough for Amir to attempt to get rid of Hassan permanently, which worked. Amirs sin committed in his early years set the stage for the rest of his life, for he would seek redemption for his acts. Many years passed, Amir was on his own now in the States, with his wife Soraya that could not bare children. Amir received a weep from Ra him Kahn who was dying and wanted a last visit from Amir. Amir had jumped at the chance to visit an old friend/father figure and flew to see Rahim.Little did Amir know he was about to face all of the tribulations he had seemed to forget of his past ten fold. Rahim Khan reveals Hassan, Amirs childhood friend, the presumed boy of the family servant was in reality, Amirs half-brother, his fathers illegitimate son with Alis wife. He also reveals that the lengthen redemption is just around the Taliban by parsimoniousness Amirs half-nephew Sohrab (Hassans son) from capital of Afghanistan. Amir was in a state of confusion, he expressed his plead to Rahim I cant go to Kabul, I had said to Rahim Khan. I have a wife in America, a home, a career, and a family. But how could I pack up and go and go back home when my actions may have caused Hassan a chance at those very same things (talking to himself)? I wished Rahim Khan hadnt called me. I wished he had let me live on in my oblivion. But h e had called me. And what Rahim Khan revealed to me changed things. Made me see how my entire lifehad been a cycle of lies, betrayal, and deceit. there is a way to be good again hed said. Thus started Amirs road to redemption. Amir searched through Kabul for Sohrab and an orphanage leader had stated that Sohrab had been sold to a Taliban leader.The Taliban Leader who showboated John Lennon glasses and conducted the stoning ceremony at halftime of the soccer game was the man that Amir had to speak with. As Amir conversed with the Taliban lead he well-educated of his cruel ways of massacring the Hazaras. Then the Taliban leader revealed, What did you think? That youd hurl on a fake beard and I wouldnt severalise you? I never forget a face. Not ever. The Taliban revealed himself as Assef, Amirs childhood enemy. Assef created an ordeal stating that if Amir were to overcome him in a blood brawl, then Sohrab would be Amirs boy to take.Assef in all demolished Amir by breaking severa l ribs with his brass knuckles. Amir was barely able to stand, but he withheld the beating for he knew that lot had brought him to this moment. The moment came when Sohrab had pierced Assefs eye and he and Amir escaped. Amir had finally accomplished his self-turmoil and had almost completed his redemption by saving his half-brothers son, and almost dying for him. Amir knew that he had to imbibe Sohrab when they got back to a safe haven. This caused some trouble with the embassy for they required jural documents of the orphaned child.Sohrab believed that there was no possible way for him to come to America and he did not want to return to an orphanage, so he attempted suicide. Amir had gone through a fathers wipe up nightmare when he thought his soon to be adopted son would die. Sohrab survived though, leaving a reckless, unrighteous Muslim, self- centered Amir behind. Amirs pursuit of happiness was fulfilled as he and his son were debauched kites in America. He had redeemed him self as he said to Sohrab, Do you want me to run that kite for you? A nod from Sohrab For you, a cardinal times over, and a smile cracked open on Sohrabs face.

Automobile Sector in India Essay

The go sedulousness in India is unrivaled of the largest in the world and mavin of the fastest maturement planetaryly. India manufactures over 17. 5 meg vehicles (including 2 wheeled and 4 wheeled) and merchandises about(predicate) 2. 33 million every class. It is the worlds second largest manufacturer of motorcycles, with annual gross revenue exceeding 8. 5 million in 2009. Indias passenger railcar and commercial vehicle manufacturing assiduity is the seventh, with an annual production of more(prenominal) than 3. 7 million units in 2010.According to fresh reports, India is set to grab brazil-nut tree to bring about the sixth largest passenger vehicle producer in the world, educateing 16-18 per cent to sell around three million units in the run for of 2011-12. In 2009, India emerged as Asias fourth largest exporter of passenger cars, behind Japan, siemens Korea, and Thailand. We are all well aware of the fact that, for decades the Indian move industry was way be hind some of the most influential economies in the world like USA and Japan. The Indian machine industry, though in its nascent stage, is pass judgment to set the ball rolling in the Indian Economy as well.Coming to the machinemotive trends, today, the Indian political machine industry is one of the most vibrant, modern and upbeat carmobile grocerys in the world. It is in addition the second largest ii-wheeler market in the global map. With the emergence of the monetaryly headphone middle class, the four-wheeler segment is set for tremendous reaping and one can expect of more impetus to the economy from this arena. No ask then that this industry has become the centre of sop upion for most of the global automotive giants the world over.The factors playing a key role in the Indian automobile industry trends are as follows organisation impertinent in the past, the Indian Government has gone finished a arrive role reversal by be glide slope the enabler rather than the controller. In the recent past it has started providing better infrastructure and a conducive atmosphere to attract investments and implementing growth oriented economic policies. Competition With the coming of the multinationals, an immense squeeze has grown on the Indian companies.As a result, a muss of joint ventures affirm taken place, some others shake off invested heavily on R&D to build their own empires and the rest have perished. Customer Armed with higher buying power and an ever change magnitude expectation from products and services, the customer is undoubtedly the king and has propelled a fierce contender among the study players in the market. Pollution and Safety Norms cars as well as two-wheelers have met the most stringent international norms of pollution. Euro II vehicles have become the norm of the day all over India.Unfortunately, in the Indian context, refuge in motor vehicles is a relatively neglected area. Bad roads coupled with the absence of ade quate safety features in the vehicles such as airbag and crumple zone needs immediate attention. But awareness is on the increase and the use of seat belts while driving has been made mandatory. Bikes safekeeping apace with the global trends the two-wheeler segment has witnessed tremendous growth both qualitatively and quantitatively. Bikes with higher engine capacities have done commendably well on the Indian roads. Bike styling and fuel efficiency has to a fault seen major developments.In short, the Indian automotive industry is set for exponential growth in the future. conformable growth and dedication have made the Indian automobile industry the second- largest tractor and two-wheeler manufacturer in the world. It is alike the fifth-largest commercial vehicle manufacturer in the world. The Indian automobile market is among the largest in Asia. The key players like Hindustan beat backs, Maruti Udyog, social club India Private Ltd, Tata gets, Bajaj Motors, Hero Motors, Ashok Leyland, Mahindra & Mahindra have been dominating the vehicle industry.A few of the foreign players like Toyota Kirloskar Motor Ltd. , Skoda India Private Ltd. , Honda Siel Cars India Ltd. have also entered the market and have catered to the customers needs to a large extent. Not yet the Indian companies but also the international car manufacturing companies are concentrate on compact cars to be delivered in the Indian market at a much smaller price. Moreover, the automobile companies are coming up with financial schemes such as easy EMI repayment systems to boost sales. on that point have been exhibitions like Auto-expo at Pragati Maidan, New Delhi to share the technological advancements.Besides, there are umteen new-sprung(prenominal) projects coming up in the automobile industry leading to the growth of the sector. Year All Vehicles (in 000) Two Wheelers (in 000) Cars, Jeeps and Taxis (in 000) Buses (in 000) Goods Vehicles (in 000) separate Vehicles (in 000) 200154,991 38,5567,0586342,9485,795 200258,92441,5817,6136352,9746,121 200367,00747,5198,5997213,4926,676 200472,71851,9229,4517683,7496,828 200580,04557,41710,4608224,0537,337 200688,06863,48711,5718794,3457,891 200796,80870,14112,8109364,6528,464 2008106,59177,58814,2221,0035,0189,065.Total Number of Vehicle Registrations in India from 2001 to 2008 Investment in Automobile Sector Nearly every automobile company is investing at a higher rate than ever before to achieve a high growth trajectory. The overall investment in the sector has been increase quite rapidly. It is expect that by the end of 2010 Indian automobile sector will be investing a huge amount as Rs. 30,000 crores. Top ten players in the Indian automobile sector- The national players as well as the foreign players dominate the Indian automobile sector.The key players contributing to the growth of the sector are discussed below. The key players in Indian automobile industry are 1) Maruti Udyog confine 2) Hero Motors Limited 3) T ata Group 4) Bajaj Auto Limited 5) Mahindra Group 6) Ashok Leyland 7) Yamaha Motor India 8) Hyundai Motors India Limited 9) Toyota Kirloskar Motor Private Limited 10) Honda Siel Cars India Limited Growth in the Sector At present the industry is enjoying a growth rate of 14-17% per annum, with domestic sales growth at 12. 8%. The growth rate is predicted to double by 2015.As it is seen, the total sales of passenger vehicles cars, public-service corporation vehicles and multi-utility vehicles in the year 2005 reached the mark of 1. 06 million. The current growth rate indicates that by 2012 India will overtake Germany and Japan in sales volumes. Financing schemes have become an beta factor in the growth of automobile sales. More and more financial schemes are coming up with easy installment plans to lure the customers. by from domestic production, the industry is consistently focusing on the automobile exports. The auto component segment is contributing a lot in the export arena.T he liberalized policies of the government are now making the companies go for more and more exports. The automobile exports are increasing year by year. According to the club of Indian Automobile Manufactures (SIAM) automobile exports in the last quin long time are as follows- Export trend over the last five years List of predictions for this year by looking at what the kaput(p) year had given us. The Indian automobile industry is red through a phase of rapid change and high growth. With new projects coming up on a regular basis, the industry is undergoing technological change.The major players are expanding their plants and focusing on mass customization, mass production, etc. domestic Sales Volumes Will Rise but Growth Could Come bug out The 2010 calendar year was great for the Indian automobile industry, and sales of vehicles are evaluate to continue upward journey in 2011. However, the industry whitethorn not be able to copy the growth rates registered in the last two yea rs. In the first half of 2010, the industry witnessed a steep 32% average monthly sales growth, which came down to 25% in the latter half.In addition, the year-on-year growth in sales is anticipate to be higher during the latter half of 2011 as compared to the growth in the first half of the year. Along with the high base effect of 2010, the look firm up of interest rates could also bring about the reduction in growth rates this year. Exports to Increase in 2011 close to 65% of total automobile exports from India are two-wheelers, and as a result, action of this segment has a major influence on overall auto export volumes. And after experiencing over 30% jump in exports in 2010, the industry is expected to register moderate growths in two-wheeler exports in 2011.Nonetheless, a competitive and aggressive approach from the original equipment manufacturers vehicle categories (commercial vehicles, passenger vehicles and two & three wheelers) would help bring an increase in overal l export of vehicles from the Indian market in 2011. Additionally, there are many companies that want to make India their export hub, thereby increasing the chances of increasing exports. strong Economic Growth to Uplift Sales Healthy growth of the economy would drive the automobile sales in the domestic market.The chief growth drivers of the automobile industry in the Indian market would be changeless economic environment, sound IIP growth, favourable liquidity and availability of finance. Other things that would positively affect the Indian automobile industry include road net development activities, strong growth in construction activities and the expected healthy performance of the industrial sector. When it comes to personal transport vehicles, increase in liquid income and a strong line up of upcoming new launches is expected to boost demand and sales.The passenger vehicle industry (cars + utility vehicles) is expected to witness launch of as many as 30 new warnings/varia nts in 2011. Much in with 2010, 2011 will also see a lot of action in the small car segment. Sales of high life cars is also going to grow at a fast pace. Sports utility vehicles (SUV), which have a relatively smaller market share in the Indian passenger vehicle market is also going to grow up tremendously as manufacturers have lined up 10 new model launches for the coming year.Indian car manufacturers are also doubling up their efforts to push their passenger vehicles into the rural and semi-urban markets, which would greatly set up sales. Profit margins to improve marginally The Indian automobile is expected to scan growth in revenues supported by in the domestic as well as export market. Nevertheless, as the commodity prices are expected to remain constant, the pressure on margins would increase largely. Besides, the entry of several other OEMs that have lined up elaborate investment plans is also going to benefit the industry in the domestic market.The new car launches that h ave been lined up for this year are going to increase spending on advertising and promotional activities. But that is no cause for the buyers as these companies are in all likelihood to transfer only a small sever of the cost burden by increasing the car prices. Strategies that manufacturers are likely to adopt are 1 > Commercial vehicles 2> New model launches 3> Product innovation would take prime importance to pull in new market segments 4> Launch new cars for the international market 5> Easy car finance options for potential customers 6> warring pricing Key Success Factors.The Key Success factors in the Motor Vehicle Manufacturing industry are Efficiency factor Improve dig productivity, labour flexibility, and capital efficiency Resource Availability Quality work force availability, infrastructure improvements, and raw material availability Effective cost controls tight fitting transactionhip with supplies and goods distribution channels. Establishment of e xport markets Growth of export markets Having an vast distribution/collection network Goods distribution channels.Successful industrial relations policy Ethical and tactical industrial relations Access to the current available and most efficient technology and techniques The degree of investment in technological improvements and product development Optimum capacity utilisation The take aim of plant utilisation Management of high quality assets portfolio Understanding implications from Government policies References- Wikipedia Rcnos. com Managementparadise. com www. carazoo. com siamindia. com automobileindia. com.

Finlands Education System Essay

The Finland Phenomenon a name given to Finlands admired education strategy of rules. It is listed as the most affect educate schema in the world. Its success is intently watched by other countries. The assigned ikon Finlands Education Success was documented by Tom Burridge of BBC military personnel News America on April 6, 2010. Week four Reading journal for English 101 was a writing assignment asking students if the system could be implemented in the join States. Finlands schools score consistently at the top of the world rankings yet the pupils stimulate the fewest flake of class hours in the developed world. The proof is in the results and Finland has an education system other countries should learn from and envy.The transformation of Finlands education system began 40 years ago as a key comp wizardnt to an frugal recovery plan. The educators had no idea it was so successful until the year 2000, when a regularise test was given to fifteen years old students. The result s revealed the scores. The Finnish youth came out on top as the best readers in the world. Three years later the youth led the scores in math as well. By 2006 Finland was first out of 57 countries. The Finnish answer to standardized testing has been to only give exams to small groups of students and to assert in teachers. In 1991 the National Board of Education closed its inspectorate.Teachers in Finland design their own courses using a national curriculum as a guide and go by about eighty percent as much time leading classes as their U. S. counterparts do. Finnish teachers have ample opportunity to plan lessons and collaborate with colleagues. Teachers in Finland spend fewer hours at school and less time in the classroom than American teachers. In 1979 reformers decided that every teacher in Finland earn a fifth-year tames degree in theory and practice at iodine of the eight state universities. From that time forward teachers were granted equal office with doctors and lawyer s. Teaching programs were flooded with applicants not because the salaries were that high, but because respect made the trading so attractive. Pasi Sahlberg a former physics teacher points out We set electric shaverren to learn how to learn and not how to take a test. only children- clever or less so- were to be taught in the same classrooms, with hemorrhoid of special teacher help available to make sure no child would be left behind. Compulsory school in Finland doesnt begin until children reach the age of seven. clawren learn better when they ar ready. wherefore stress them out? Finnish culture values childhood liberty children get themselves to school by either walking or biking. Upon arrival at school, children remove their shoes to maintain a relaxed atmosphere. Finnish children spend out-of-the-way(prenominal) more time playing outside even in the depth of winter. The children cant learn if they dont play.The children moldiness play The Finnish children are provided with seventy-five minutes of recess a day compared to the average of twenty-seven for U. S children. Finnish schools dont assign homework because it is assumed the task is mastered in the classroom. Children are also mandated to take lots of arts and crafts and learning by doing. This is a far cry from the U. S concentration on testing in reading and math since the enactment of No Child Left fundament in 2002. The focus in Finland is on the individual child.If a child is falling behind, the highly trained staff recognizes and addresses the issues to meet the childs needs. Nearly thirty percent of the children in Finland receive some grade of special help during their first nine years in school. The unbowed focus on education is equal opportunity for all. Finnish educators have a hard time understanding the coupled States fascination with standardized tests. Americans like all these bars and graphs and colored charts. Its nonsense. We know far more about the children than thes e tests can tell us. Finland has a culture of quislingism between schools, not arguing.All schools perform at the same train and there is no status in attending a fact facility. Finland has no private schools and all Finlands schools are publicly funded. It is surprising to know that Finland spends about thirty percent less per student to achieve their far superior educational outcomes. The people in the government agencies streamlet the schools from the national officials to the local officials are educators, not business people, military leadership or career politicians.The United States has muddled along in the oculus of the pack for the past decade. Government officials have attempted to introduce competition into public schools. President Obamas Race to the Top initiative invites states to make out for federal dollars using tests and other methods to measure teachers, a philosophy that goes against everything the Finnish schools stand for. If you only measure the stati stics, you miss the human aspect. Fortunately United States Federal policies continue to move away from the rigid certainties of the No Child Left Behind legislation.The law has set an unrealistic target for one hundred percent student proficiency in every school by 2014. I couldnt agree more with the Finland approach to education. In order for the United States to come close to Finlands success a major change would need to occur. A change I cerebrate would take decades to complete. The Finns have made it clear, that in any country, no guinea pig its size or composition, there is much wisdom to minimizing testing and preferably investing in broader curricula, smaller classes, and better training, pay and treatment of teachers. The United States should take heed.

Comparing Poetry Essay

rime is when an emotion has found its thought and the thought has found words. Good dayspring Ms Linton and students, today I will be informing you on why you must choose these two verse forms for the poetry speaking contest. The verses I have elect ar The populace from Ironbark, by Banjo Patterson as good as He Started the cycle Craze by myself. Narratives help the reviewers please and understand poetry as it is a way the poets can pertain to their readers by using storylines that may relate to them or something that they enjoy.Storylines of narratives play a major role and with egress these the readers would not be fitted to understand what is possibility in the story. The story line of The Man from Ironbark is close to a valet de chambre who wants his beard to be shaved, so this globe heads off to the neaten. The barber pulls out a razor and starts to shave his throat. The man from Ironbark fears the barber is a manslayer who wants to cut his throat. The storyline of He Started the Cycling Craze is about a man who decides to buy a new bike so he goes off to the bike shop.He buys a bike and then rides it theatre and on the way home he rode up the hill then started to roll back. Once he had rolled down the hill he ended up in the creek. Both of these storylines are different in their own way, but one similarity is that a man leaves his home, goes someplace and in two poems they make a mistake. In all poems thither is a difference, but some may be similar in one way or another. The difference between these two poems is that they both contain various poetry techniques and they are both based on individual topics. Each poet uses several techniques and have a different trend of writing.In this case these poems are similar as one was re-written from a poem written by the author of the other poem. Every poem can have differences and similarities to other poems. In poetry the poets describe the characters and settings so that the reader can view the image in their head, here is a quote from The Man from Ironbark The barber man was small and flash, as barbers largely are, He wore a strike-your-fancy sash, he smoked a gigantic cigar This describes how the barber looks and what he is holding. In this part of the poem he is stereotyping barbers to that that they are both small and flash.This helps the reader imagine what the main character is seeing. And from He Started the Cycling Craze He started to roll down the hill swerving a tree, and near being stung by a big fatten out bee, nearly at the lake he had to swerve a car. This describes what the man on the bike is enduring and what he is seeing. By describing surrounding and what plenty look like, it allows the reader to create an image in their head of what is hazard in the poem. In poetry the poets use poetic devices to make the poems more interesting, this helps the reader keep interest in what they are reading.In The Man from Ironbark the poetic devices used inclu de create verbally, rhythm, repetition, imagery, alliteration, and metaphors. The rhyming patter is a,a,b,b,c,c and the rhythm is shown by the rhyme and the flow or the poem. An example of alliteration is upon the newly shave skin it made a livid mark. As well as brow grew black. resource is shown in many parts of the poem but particularly when he is describing the barber. The barber man was small and flash, as barbers mostly are, he wore a strike-your-fancy sash, he smoked a huge cigar. The metaphor was shown when he referred to the man as a dog. The devices used in He Started the Cycling Craze includes rhyme which is used in a pattern of a,b,b,a as well as rhythm which is seen by the rhyme and flow of the poem. Alliteration was also used in the line and almost being stung by a big fat bee. Imagery was also used when describing what was on the road when he was swerving so that he didnt fall off of his bike. Overall there are many different poetic devices used in poetry and thi s is shown by these poems.In summary poets use different techniques and devices in their poems so that the poem becomes for intriguing so the reader continues to read on. Devices are used in poetry so that the readers have something to laugh or cry about and are intrigued to read other poems by the poet.Storylines of poems are important as they help describe what is happening in the poem and the reader is able to understand what the characters are doing. To wrap up these two poems should be chosen for the poetry speaking contest as they use various devices and techniques which allows the reader to continue interest in the poem as it goes on.

Death and Afterlife in Ancient Egypt Essay

Through reveal the ancient human race, it was gener whollyy believed that individuals survived in some form after(prenominal)wards demise. From soonest times, people laid out and drink for dead relatives and performed rituals on their behalf. In globey places, people shared communal meals with the dead. These practices were meant to ensure the puff up-being of the deceased and also to soothe the liven of the dead and to protect the living from their displeasure (Taylor). The great exception to common ancient beliefs about the after spiritedness was provided by ancient Egypt. Here bread and butter was imagined to follow the cyclic pattern of nature.The sun-god Re and the god Osiris exhibited a pattern of death and resurrection. The transition to the hereafter required certain rituals. The tree trunk had to be salved through mummification, to serve as the basis for the life of the spirit. To reach the realm of the dead, the deceased required special knowledge. From a comp aratively early period, there was also a judgment, symbolized by the weighing of the join in a balance. In Egypt we find what are probably the earliest foreshadowings of hell a place where unrighteous people are subjected to torments and the act death (Johnston). Death The Egyptian approach to the fuss of death and the afterlife was the most optimistic solution ever elaborated until their time. The end of life, death, was plain unacceptable. This reflected their optimistic nature, their recognize of the body and the joys it procured, a contrario to the Hindu solution to the problem of death which reflected a pessimistic nature and the rejection and destruction of the body. Death was unbearable for the Egyptians it was desirable for the Hindus.Perhaps, above all, the Osirisian revolution represented the highest point of optimism and hope reached in the ancient world the evolution (from the sixth century BC) of Zoroastrian/ Hebrew/Christian resurrection/afterlife c erstpts. Deat h posed such difficult problems for man that it took all over 60,000 years or more, the interim between the Neanderthals and the Egyptians, to come up with radically new ideas and launch a new trajectory of wishful thinking and illusion which would eventually lead to the inventions of Paradise and Hell found on morality and the final judgment and final destiny of all man benign.Egypt, probably largely independently and right from the start of the Early dynastic Period (c. 3100-2868 BC), innovated, made major breakthroughs and may accept exercised signifi cornerstonet specify on other peoples in the search for the solution to the problem of death. What had in some way occurred in Egypt was a fabulous bringing to fruitition of all of mans imaginative efforts and abstract reasoning concerning death. The Egyptians sketched out and invented a new token of afterlife aimed at permanently defeating death (Najovits).Mummies of past Egypt In the advance(a) promontory no single type of artifact from the ancient world excites more interest that the Egyptian mummy and no other kind of object is considered more typically Egyptian. The very word mummy brings to mind a host of associated ideas the Egyptian belief in life after death, the seemingly pervasive concern with the nonion of death, and the elaborate preparations that were made for it.It is well to state at the outset that religious beliefs made it necessary to exert the dead, and what it seems a preoccupation with death was actually the outgrowth of a love of life and an attempt to prepare for a continuation in the neighboring world of life as it is known in this. A colossal literature, much of it of a speculative nature, has grown up around the unexampled interest in the process of mummification. In recent decades the progress of cognizance has done much to dispel earlier misconceptions, but many of these have become firmly fixed and die hard.The process of mummification is notwithstanding consider ed to be a lost art by many who would earlier remain content with an intriguing mystery than be disappointed with a simple explanation. The process was the result of a continuous development found on trial and error and observable results. The details of technique can now be discussed with some confidence and accuracy (Taylor). Through the social function of various physical/surgical and chemical processes, the Egyptians devised artificial means to preserve corpses.The process of mummification was introduced very early in Egypts dynastic history, in the startle half of the 3rd millennium BC. Even forwards then, the Egyptians must have noticed that the hot, dry sand of the desert ofttimes desiccated and preserved bodies without any artificial processes. A variety of techniques evolved over many centuries to conserve the bodies of Egypts nobility these included removing the internal organs, lush the body in natron, and wrapping it tightly in linen.When Herodotus visited Egypt in the fifth century he documented the mummification methods that were still known, even though the art and science of embalming was not important as it had been earlier (Monet). afterlife The origins of an afterlife, Paradise and Hell are enveloped in considerable obscurity. At least(prenominal) sixty thousand years ago, the Neanderthals imagined phenomena which did not necessarily exist or certainly did not exist. Perhaps based on their experience of reverie life, they seem to have imagined the existence of an afterlife, invented ritual burial for entry into the afterlife, and by chance believed in the existence of the soul.Even if we can have no particular idea of what the afterlife meant for the Neanderthals, the decoration of some dead bodies and the inclusion of foods, goods, weapons and ornaments in their graves, clearly indicate that they believed that life somehow did not end with death that as aspect of life, or a spirit, continued. The seeds of Paradise, the concepts o f immorality or consolation, or paradisiacal reward, for the first life, are already at least potentially contained in such a view. However, the Neanderthals and all other peoples at least until Egyptian times seem to have sought solutions to death which were not explicit (Najovits).The profits of antique Egypt If you say the word gain, most people testament think of ancient Egypt. The ancient Egyptians create many famous pyramids. The pyramids were created by the ancient Egyptian civilization, which began about 5,000 years ago. The pyramids were build to serve in the afterlife. These serve as staircases for the dead pharaoh to ascend in the sky, funerary practices involving rituals, spells and amulets and techniques designed to facilitate entry into the afterlife and protection and well being once there.Ancient Egyptians believed that each person had a spirit, or ka, that lived on after the person died. A persons most important caper during their lifetime was to prepare for life after death. Rulers and wealthy people built tombs to be homes for their kas. The earliest tombs were simple structures that resemble large benches. Then, around 2750 B. C. , male monarch Zoser built the first pyramid. It was not a true pyramid. It looked like lusus naturae steps, so it became known as the Step Pyramid. King Snefru built the first true pyramid about 150 years later.The Great Pyramid of Giza, the largest of the Egyptian pyramids, was built nearly 4,500 years ago and stands 481 feet (147 m) high. It is located in northern Egypt near the city of Cairo. The Great Pyramid of Giza was built to be the grave for King Khufu. Pyramids provided a place where a kings body could safely pass into the afterlife. Many great riches were held inhabit within the pyramids. The ancient pyramids are engineering marvels. We still dont know exactly how they were built. We do know that their construction required weighty knowledge of math.We can learn more about the pyramids and th e people who built them by using our math skills to study the most famous Egyptian pyramid the Great Pyramid (Down). From the Old Kingdom to the beginning of the impudent Kingdom, kings were buried in pyramid tombs, comprising a massive superstructure of stone or mudbrick with adjacent mortuary temple or chapel. In the New Kingdom, the pyramid ceased to be a royal prerogative, and small brick pyramids were incorporated into private tombs (Taylor). deeds Cited Down, David. The Pyramids of Ancient Egypt. Creation Magazine 26. 4 (2004) 44-49 pp.November 13, 2007 <http//www. answersingenesis. org/creation/v26/i4/pyramids. asp>. Johnston, Sarah Iles. Religions of the Ancient World A Guide. Harvard regular army Harvard University Press, 2004. Monet, Jefferson. An Overview of Mummification in Ancient Egypt. disco biscuit Egypt (2005). November 13, 2007 <http//touregypt. net/featurestories/mummification. htm>. Najovits, Simson R. Egypt, Trunk of the Tree A Modern Survey of an Ancient Land. New York Algora Publishing, 2004. Taylor, John H. Death and the Afterlife in Ancient Egypt. Chicago, USA University of Chicago Press, 2001.

Behavioral study of obedience

This article represents a minute account of the research carried turn come to the fore by Stanley Miligram at Yale University. The discover was denounce to investigate the negative / destructive side of allegiance. It involved more than 40 grown-up American volunteers representing diverse professions that ranged from laborers to great scholars. They were briefed on the research main objectives and selected to both play the role of experimenter, put in (teacher) or victim (learner).The experiment carried out in Yales laboratory required a naive progeny to sell galvanising ravish gradually as a gradation of punishment to a victim each time the victim serviceed incorrectly to a question. The stupor generator was graded in intervals of 15 volts with 30 such grades. Each time the victim answered wrongly the proceeds was chthonian instructions from the experimenter to press a saveton that connected to the graduated shock generator system that increased the voltage by a brim of 15 volts. The purpose of the paper as explained by Milgram was to investigate how gentleman beings resolve to authority ( agency).Though naturally it is difficult for immorally upright individual to administer galvanizing shock to a nonher innocent person, it was interesting when atomic number 12s subjects went on to administer fatal shocks to the victims. This confirms that human beings be impotent and are likely to succumb to authority by obeying its orders even if they are against the fundamental moral standards. Answers to reflection question just about the study. The Milgram experiment consisted of tether key players i. e. the experimenter, the subject, and the victim.Out of these three players it is the subject who plays the core part of the experiment. The subjects behavior is what Milgram was sounding for in his bid to study the behavior of human obedience. For instance, if a subject chooses to obey the experimenters orders and go on with administering th e electric shock then he or she is being obedient but if non he or she is defying orders.According to (psychology 101, chapter 8, section 3) on obedience and power Milgrams subjects behaved yieldingly because of the throw of following the legitimate power i. e. they are under authority from the experimenter to administer electric shocks to their victims. Therefore when compared to Nazis extermination of Jews in decease camps and gas chambers during the holocaust, their behavior is certainly not opposite.They both knew that it is against the prefatorial human morals to apply electric shock, or murder concourse by gassing but they play obedient to authority. Ethically either act that brings suffering/ uncomfortability to a human being is considered inhuman except, this was not the parapraxis with Milgrams experiment.It would have been unethical if the subjects were in the first pose forced to take part in the experiment, secondly the subjects were initially briefed on the aut henticity of the electric shock the shocks could not cause permanent tissue damage. Again, though the experiment was painful its discomfort was momentary compared with its worthy scientific gains. The subjects although paid to participate in the experiment, they were assured that the money was just for their approach to the laboratory and not what they did afterwards.This research though carried out before institution of Ethics go over Committees it drew numerous questions regarding its effects to the canonical ethical motive and morals of human beings. But going by the previous ferine actions committed to great deal out of blind adherence to orders, a controlled study was needed to investigate the concludes as to why German police cops verso to their conscience murdered millions of Jews under the command of Hitler. The research was purely found on willing volunteer basis the participants were briefed on the effects of the electric shock to the victims.It is therefore incl ined to the advancement of worthwhile knowledge about learning and memory. It was conducted by reputable personnel (Yale University). The selection of participants was done fairly, and lastly the study was concluded by debriefing the participants in order to adjure out any feelings of hatred on the part of the subjects and their victims. On the an opposite(prenominal) hand the study had its dark side, the fact that subjects were ordered to administer electric shock to their victims which to them was morally degrading is one of the reasons many Ethics Review Committees would give out in trying to bar such an experiment.Again, the screams and groans make by victims due to extreme tensity are an separatewise reason these committees would give out. The research was most successful because the participants were deceived into believing that the selection of who plays subject or victim was fairly done. This was one of Milgrams trump tease of making sure that the naive participants pla y the part of the subject in order to increase the credibility of the findings. Further the shock generator was not a satisfying one it was designed to cheat the public that thusly the victims were being shocked.However the experiment can be conducted in a more real way in order to deracinate any gene of doubt. This research could have been made real by using real teachers and real learners a teacher is required to first give out strict instructions to the learners on the real bits of answering wrongly to the granted quiz. Real punishment (real electric shock or any other ethically acceptable punishment) may be administered to any wrong answer given, by doing that the learners will therefore try to obey (answer correctly or else get punished).The act of debriefing after the experiment was necessary to eradicate any ill feelings towards the subjects. They were made to imagine that no real shock was administered to the victims. However this was an exercise in futility because t he subjects were free to discontinue with the shock administering, if they matte up it was against their morals but the majority continued with the exercise. Therefore making them believe they had not administered real shocks was adding more psychological stress because they had already unordered their morals and hence it was meaningless to convince them into believing.According to (Sojourners magazine, by MacNutt, Francis 2004) also establish on Milgrams experiment, many ordinary muckle are fearful of being disapproved and therefore carry out acts which are incompatible with the basic moral standards. Therefore the chances of any subject defying experimenters orders are subjugate and therefore if I were one of the experimenters I would not hesitate but would have carried on with the electric shocking business. A more unattackable explanation to this is the case a confident businessman who almost succumbed to tension went ahead and executed all the experimenters orders.Psychol ogy generally deals with peoples behavior some extreme behaviors were exhibited by morally upright people e. g. the perpetration of mass slaughter of Jews during the holocaust, the Hoffling hospital case whereby nurses ejected lethal doses of a fictional drug to their patients (Hofling C. K et al, 1966). Such behaviors needed to be analyze in order to arrive at a generalization, therefore Milgrams study was fundamental to social psychology, a study that investigates how people enchant the beliefs, feelings, and behaviors of others.The study findings gave a basis to many generalizations that makes up the core pillars of psychology. Again, the findings of this study are of great relevance to todays human beings actions other studies continue to be done with great reference to this study. For instance, obedience and power a sub section of greater social psychology set-back of psychology, draws its relevance from Milgrams findings (psychology 101, chapter 8, section 3).This carefully executed study agitate a very loaded message to numerous questions asked by people of sound reasoning on morals on why German corps unquestioningly obeyed Hitlers orders by gassing millions of Jews, whether Germans are different from other people, why catholic bishops stressed obedience to Caesar and Christ among other questions. The answer to these questions was that human being are bound to behave obediently to orders given by people whom they identify with, and whom they perceive to hold a legitimate position higher than them.Conclusions Milgrams research on obedience to power is a milestone to the general study of psychology however the study was purely based on a volunteer and wiling basis. This serves to disgrace the studys credibility, because the experimenters, subjects and victims are under no imminent consequence should they choose to defy the orders. For instance 14 subjects defied orders after their victims literally refused to respond to questions.However, the major objective of the research was adequately achieved, although those participants who failed to play obedience negatively affected the full achievement of those objectives. Further deceiving the participants was not a pie-eyed point towards the overall credibility of the study Milgram could have provided a more real study with a morally acceptable punishment e. g. the case of Hoffling hospital (Hofling C. K et al, 1966).ReferencesPsychology 101, Obedience and power, accessible at http//allpsych. com/psychology101/obedience_power. html, accessed on October 17, 2008Sojourners magazine, by MacNutt, Francis 2004, available at http//findarticles. com/p/articles/mi_qa4010/is_200410/ai_n9441346, accessed on October 17, 2008.Behavior Study of obedience, by Milgram, Stanley, available at http//www. wadsworth. com/psychology_d/templates/student_resources/0155060678_rathus/ps/ps01. html, accessed on October 17, 2008.Hofling CK et al. (1966) An Experimental study of Nurse-Physician Relationships . Journal of scatterbrained and Mental Disease 141171-180.

Experiment 19: Kinetics : the Rate of an Experiment

March 17, 2013 March 17, 2013 Name Ryan annasdass arokiasamy ID 1206875 Group Members Chan Pei Qie,Chong Ven suffer Name Ryan annasdass arokiasamy ID 1206875 Group Members Chan Pei Qie,Chong Ven Yen experiment 19 kinetics the resume of a chemical reaction experiment 19 kinetics the ascertain of a chemical reaction Results Part A I- / counterspy dm-3 S2O82- / bulwark dm-3 S2O32- / mol dm-3 Time /s regularize of I2 formation / mol dm-3 s-1 0. 2 0. 2 0. 01 1. 25 0. 1600 0. 2 0. 15 0. 01 13. 37 0. 0150 0. 2 0. 10 0. 01 26. 00 0. 0077 0. 2 0. 05 0. 01 66. 5 0. 00075 Part B I- / mol dm-3 S2O82- / mol dm-3 S2O32- / mol dm-3 Time /s Rate of I2 formation / mol dm-3 0. 2 0. 2 0. 01 3. 45 0. 0580 0. 15 0. 2 0. 01 7. 56 0. 0198 0. 10 0. 2 0. 01 9. 06 0. 0110 0. 05 0. 2 0. 01 23. 91 0. 0021 Part C Initial temperature/ OC Final temperature/ OC Time t /s Rate of I2 formation / mol dm-3 1/T (1/K) log t 15 21 29 0. 00690 0. 003472 1. 462 24 25 20 0. 01000 0. 003367 1. 301 35 42 13 0. 0 1538 0. 003247 1. 114 45 40 8 0. 02500 0. 003145 0. 903 Calculations & adenosine monophosphate QuestionsAssociated essay Measuring Reaction Rate Using Volume of botch ProducedThe effect of temperature is that it increases the value of reaction, observed here by the higher temperatures bragging(a) a much steadfaster reaction time a) Is reaction (2) fast or slow with respect to reaction (1)? Explain your reasoning or record any test you do to help reach your cultivation Reaction (2) is fast with respect to reaction (1). Reaction (2) I2+2 S2O32- 2 I-+ S4O62- occurs extremely fast, I2 formed in the reaction is consumed immediately and when the limiting m over S2O32- is used up, I2 reacts with the starch indicator to form a begrimed food color ining solution. ) Does reaction (1) or (2) control the time required for the blue colour to step forward? Reaction (1) 2I-+ S2O82-I2+2SO42- controls the time required for the blue colour to appear as it is the I2 that will react with the starch indicator to produce the blue color solution to appear c) Calculate the post of formation of I2 in mol dm-3 s-1 for each experiment at room temperature and plot this consecrate i) Against S2O82- at constant I- ii) Against I- at constant S2O82- The rate of formation of I2 tail assembly be calculated by calculative of the rate of change of the thiosulphate ion over the time interpreted Rate of formation of I2=? I2t d) What are the shapes of these plots? They are tasteful line interprets ,with the y axis directly proportional to the x axis e) What is the significance of this? This shows that the rate is directly proportional to the concentration of I- and S2O82- and by shrewd the gradient of the graph we will obtain the rate of reaction. f) Write the rate equation for reaction (1) dI2dt=kS2O82- And calculate the rate constant , k Rate = kI-S2O82- k = Rate / I-S2O82- k = slope / S2O82- k = (0. 015-0. 0008)/(0. 15-0. 05)Rate constant k = 0. 142 mol-1 dm3 s-1 g) Calculate th e verve of activation of the reaction If we plot a graph of log t against 1/T, we can obtain the Ea by calculating the slope. Slope of the graph = Ea / 2. 303R Ea / 2. 303R = (1. 462-0. 903)(0. 003472-0. 003145) Ea / 2. 303R = 0. 559/(3. 27&21510-4) Ea = 1709. 48 x 2. 303R Ea = 1709. 48 x 2. 303 x 8. 314 Ea = 32731. 65 J/mol Discussion Precautions Among some of the precautions taken were to wear gloves , safety goggles and lab coats to avoid any dent in case of exposure to chemicals.Secondly, there were separate measuring cylinders watchful for each solution as to not mix 2 solutions in a measuring cylinder to avoid any reactions. The persulphate was poured in apace as this is an extremely fast step and has to be poured all at once. Finally,when diluting the persulphate solution, it was done as accurately as possible in collection to avoid a wrong concentration instead of the one intended. coating Based on the experiment done as well as the analysis of the results and after do ing further results, we have learned that the activation energy of the reaction is 32. 73 kJ.Furthermore, we have gained an insight into the kinetics of a reaction, its rate, the rate constants as well as the rate of reaction. References Martin S. Silberberg, Chemistry the Molecular record of Matter and Change, Fifth Edition, McGraw Hill, 2005. F. Albert Cotton, Geoffrey Wilkinson, Carlos A. Murillo, and Manfred Bochmann, Advanced Inorganic Chemistry, Sixth edition, joke Wiley& axerophthol Son. 1999. F. Albert Cotton, Geoffrey Wilkinson, Paul L. Gaus, Basic Inorganic Chemistry, Third Edition, John Wiley& Son. 1995. John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, and Gabriela C. Weaver, Chemistry and Chemical Reactivity, Sixth Edition, Thomson 2006.

Justice System Position Essay

upstart crime rank in the United States vanish to a brand-new 32-year low in 2013. In 2012 there were or so 60,000 violent crime detains involving y starths under the age of 18. From 2011 to 2012 there was a 10% decline in the number of youth arrests for either four pipenses, which contributed to an overall drop of 36 percent since 2003. In 1994, law of nature reported calciferol violent youth crime arrests for e precise 100,000 10-17-olds in the population. In 2008, the arrest rate fell and there were 300 arrests for all(prenominal) 100,000 lates in the population. Now, amongst 2009 and 2012, there argon 190 arrests per 100,000 teenageds (Violent Youth Crime in U.S. falls to tender 32-Year Low, 2013). What do all these song stage? A new hope in the prox of the youth in the United States. Some of the main reasons contributing to this striking decrease in adolescent arrest rates include a shift in thinking about the best paths to handle young commonwealth who break the uprightness, a continual period of decreasing youthful crime, and pecuniary pressures on record governments that form many people, including conservatives who supported tough-on-crime policies, looking for less-expensive alternatives to lot captivity.The United States rates for incarceration for juveniles be18 sentences greater that of France, and more than vii times greater than that of Britain. Countries like Finland or Sweden do not normally lock up young wrongdoers and offer the youth the best opport social unities to bestride into adulthood. Large-scale incarceration only leads to abuse and harsh treatment for the tikeren and teenagers confined, and it is very expensive. In fact an average bed in a juvenile correction facility costs about $88,000 a year. Putting affect youth into extremely disciplined, restrictive, and long-term environments goes against everything that we know about the juvenile point and takes away opportunities from these adolescen ts to learn new skills and positive ways of behaving. Most states stress incarceration and punishment and it is interfering with effective diversionary, treatment, and renewal practices (Building a More Effective Juvenile System, 2014). Rehabilitation practices seem to be the most logical route to treating delinquent youth and preparing them for a fracture future. They are the future of America and they are treated now depart affect the crime rates in the future.A number of evidence-based practices have made a positive impact on narrowd incarceration and reoffending for youth. Research shows that threatening and disciplinary interactions, incarceration, and punishment only increase the competitive behavior that we see in troubled youth. To help our youth and go forward to decrease the rates of willful neglect and re-offending we nooky reduce the weightiness on incarceration and punishment and increase offenders interactions with positive well-trained adults that will he lp them exit better individuals.Juvenile sin has been a major problem for law enforcement incumbents. Law enforcement officers have a goal to prevent juvenile delinquency from happening. Without knowing what triggers delinquency, officers have no idea how to stop it before it happens. In the past law enforcements reaction to delinquent behavior was to arrest these individuals. With the dramatic decrease in youth arrests, it makes a inequality in what police officers are dealing with every day. It also makes their jobs safer. If law enforcement did nothing, then juveniles would stop to do the wrong. Law enforcement should show interest in the youths in the communities that they serve. talking to them, asking questions, and pointing them in the right direction could change their lives. Police officers are role models and even croupe be heroes. In 2001 San Diego police officer Jeremy Henwood was approached by a 13-year-old boy and asked for a dime to buy a cookie at McDonalds.Off icer Henwood took virtually time and asked the boy what he wanted to be when he grew up. The boy replied that he wanted to suit a basketball player in the NBA. Officer Henwood explained to him that he would lease to have hard and focus to get there. He bought the boy some cookies and went back to his police cruiser. Only moments later Officer Henwood was gunned down in his car and killed. When this boy heard the news it broke his heart and he give tongue to that his conversation with Officer Henwood meant so much to him. He said he would never forget the conversation that they had. It made a difference to him. He said that he would work hard to reach his goals because of him (murder San Diego Officer Remembered for Good Deeds, 2011). Law enforcement can make a difference for our youth and through these efforts reduce delinquency and make their jobs easier.Juvenile courts and probation play a central role in the management of juvenile justice in the United States. Any polici es and programs pushed by these units greatly condition the Nations response to juvenile crime. In 1996 1.76 million delinquency cases were handled by U.S. courts and juvenile probation officers had contact with around every angiotensin converting enzyme of those cases. piece rates have decreased since 1996, it still puts a huge weight on both units (Overview, 1999). While it might cost more to rehabilitate and treat all juvenile offenders at first, the number of reoffenders would decrease drastically. They could be taught how to use the skills they were born with, learn new skills, and learn how to be flourishing in life. Eventually the weight would not only be off of the court and probation system, but also off of the replacement programs.Another unit in the justice system that would be affected by rehabilitation is corrections. Currently correction facilities do offer some sort of rehabilitation for those inmates who choose it or have no choice. Because of high demands, not every delinquent can receive the specific treatment that they need. If rehabilitation took priority in the first place, the incarceration rates would certainly decrease and these facilities could support individualized treatment. As I mentioned earlier, to provide a bed for one youth for a year costs on average $88,000. If these numbers decreased, these funds could be used to provide scholarships and other incentives to our youth. Currently residential area service are used as a punishment for juvenile delinquents instead of incarceration. It ordinarily is a method used to show a delinquent that there are consequences to their actions. Meaningful community service along with proper treatment can show children and young teens that there is so much more to life than getting into trouble. It is a great way to give back to the community and help these kids feel important.Rehabilitation comes in many forms but its main goal is to restore the substantially in a person and prevent hab itual offending. These centers can provide schoolman and vocational education, treatment programs that address violent and criminal behavior, sex offender behavior, substance abuse, mental health programs, and medical care while maintaining a safe and secure environment beneficial to attainment. Programs such as these could reduce institutional violence and future criminal behavior by command anti-criminal attitudes and providing personal skills for youths. With all that said, some people argue that punishment is essential and should remain the main focus of the juvenile justice system. Punishment advocates state that our youth understand right from wrong and should be penalize for their actions. I think that what these advocates do not realize is what these kids are facing when they are locked up. The conditions that will live in while they serve the time on their sentence may actually change them for the worse. Maybe if these advocates spent a day or a week living the way a n incarcerated juvenile does their opinions would change dramatically.An argument against rehabilitation is that juvenile rehabilitation is unique for each individual. What works to treat one kid might not work for another. It makes it harder to treat each juvenile and get positive results. With each new entry into the system, the chances of rehabilitation for each kid decreases. That shouldnt mean that everyone gives up hope and locks up each delinquent until they feel they have been punished long enough. What this shows is that more resources and time should be put into rehabilitation efforts. Creating facilities that limit in different areas and placing these youths where they feel they will thrive is needed. If it doesnt work, the study that they have learned about that delinquent should be enough to communicate them to another facility where they will receive the proper services. Before a child turns three old age old the state is responsible for all schooling disabilities . It is the job of the state to evaluate that child and provide services to help that child meet their milestones. erst the child turns three years old the school system in the state belongs responsible for the learning development of that child.The school system will evaluate and place the child into a school that will work to improve the skills of this child. If there are no improvements, the child will receive another evaluation and changes in placement will be made. This process continues until the child is receiving the exact learning environment that they need. I know all of this from personal experience with my son. These akin efforts should be used for youths heading in the wrong direction. They are the future of America and with youth arrest rates already decreasing, there is a chance for a safer future for a lot of people. Punishment can make a person wrothful and resentful. A child is usually provided warnings that if they continue certain behavior they will find themselves in time out or have certain toys or electronics taken away. Once they use up all possible warnings that punishment is enforced. It makes the child angry and upset but usually they realize that they have to be good before they are able to get out of time out or get back what was taken from them. As a develop I can say that these methods work.The difference in punishment at home and punishment by law is that it is a family matter. These children are working(a) with loved ones. When punished by the law and placed in institutions it is not up to family anymore on what kind of treatment they will receive. It can be damaging to these kids. I can only hope that more time and effort be placed in helping these kids become better people. The right kind of rehabilitation efforts can help almost anyone. Taking time to learn the problems a juvenile has and working to show them that it is only a problem and problems of all time have a solution, is a positive approach to decreasing ju venile delinquency. Given the decreasing rates of delinquency over the last 32 years shows, in my opinion, that our realm is on the right track in helping our youth. Change has always been necessary and ways to improve are always on the agenda. lengthiness PageViolent Youth Crime in U.S. Falls to New 32-Year Low. (2013). Retrieved from http//johnjayresearch.org/rec/files/2013/10/databit201304.pdf Juvenile Delinquency Current Issues, Best Practices, and Promising Approaches. (2008). Retrieved from https//www.americanbar.org/ newssheet/publications/gp_solo_magazine_home/gp_solo_magazine_index/juveniledelinquency.html (Juvenile Delinquency Current Issues, Best Practices, And Promising Approaches, 2008). Building a More Effective Juvenile System. (2014). Retrieved from https//www.earlyadolescence.org/juvenile_justice_system Slain San Diego officer remembered for good deeds. (2011). Retrieved from http//abclocal.go.com/kabc/ flooring?id=8314141 Overview. (1999). Retrieved from http//www .ojjdp.gov/pubs/jaibgbulletin/over.html

Do We Have a Throw Away Society

Do we have a throw-away social club? A Swedish apothegm says dont throw away the old bucket until you know whether the new unitary holds water. The sad story is that most of us today argon throwing away so much, it is very equally that there will be no resources in the rising. Many of our practices today are putting a lot of stress on future resources and we might soon find iself many of our needs unsatisfied beca put on of our throw away attitude and offhand practices. There are many drives as to why we are playing area to the jeopardy of a resource-deficient future.One of these is the constant demand for disclose lifestyles and bars of life sentence. A nonher reason is our join ond consumption of food, products and materials as well as our increased use of items that pollute our environment and make it unsafe for living. Society nowadays seeks better lifestyles and standards. We live in a society where technological advances have erupted and where bothbody seeks tow ards the up-to-the-minute items attempting to obtain a high standard of living. However, luxury wants never face to come to an end.Whenever a new model appears in a market, the ripened possessions of the same product soon become unwanted and obsolete. As a result, many earlier acquired models are accustomed of instead of being recycled, or given to needy people who probably find this accommodation useful. A study commissioned by Environment Canada estimated that 81,000 tons ofITand telecom equipment were disposed of in 2002. Computers and monitors accounted for 70% of this total. The study projected that disposal ofIT waste would increase to 91,000 tons in 2010. This study was made in 2002, where technology was not as advanced as it is nowadays. The tally of disposed items in 2011 is emphatically larger than it was in 2002, as technology has advanced apace inwardly the last decade. Moreover, as society promotes better living standards, money is by and large being spent on lu xurious products such as innovative mobilizes, modern cars, and other modern equipment, instead of being spent on necessities such as food and shelter. People have been working enormously for longer hours in order to ensure a high standard of living for themselves and their families.However, they unfortunately do not take into account the amount of money spent on unnecessary products which could have been spent on necessities. This results in a throw-away society, where money is being thrown away like a pebble being thrown on a huge ocean causing big ripples. http//www. statcan. gc. ca/pub/16-002-x/2008001/10539-eng. htm Consumption of products has been increasing every year. We live in a society where consumption is regarded as a positive way of life, leading to a healthy society.However, what society fails to piss is that the more we overhear, the more products are being disposed or thrown away. This is due to the fact that we are being controlled by advertisements, which ar e generally used in an attempt to increase profit, not to enhance the public assistance of society. Because weve been told that disposing items instead of reusing them is better through advertisements, we find it difficult to make a decision towards such a subject. Single-time use items are increasing rapidly in markets, which encourages consumers to throw away such items after only one use, increasing literation. According to EPA the average American produces 1600 pounds of garbage per year. Multiply that by 300 million and you can begin to imagine the amount of pan out that is produced. Moreover, we judge people according to how much they consume. Sadly, we are usually judged by how much we consume instead of being judged on how efficiently we consume items. This creates an incentive for people of high standards to consume much more than is needed, sign us as a throw-away society.Financially supported people purchase important items that they dont actually need in an attempt to be judged as people of high standings within society. A person does not need more than a car to move from one range to the other and definitely does not need more than one phone to reach others. However, this is sorrowfully common in society nowadays. http//publicagenda. org/whoturnedoutthelights/number-of-vehicles-per-household According to the pie chart, 19. 9% of households in the US, probably those of financially supported families, have three or more cars, which is definitely a waste of resources.Unfortunately, we live in a throw-away society where resources are less important than consumption and high living standards. Our environment is being disturbed day after day. While society is living the present and not taking care about the future We are being recognized as a throw-away society because we are unaware of the effects of our action that are adversely affecting our planet and causing a fast deterioration in resources. The modern cosmea society values the present mu ch more than the

History of Optometry

The history of optometry can be traced back to the early studies on optics and image formation by the eye. The origins of optometric science (optics, as taught in a basic physics class) date back a few gee long time BC as evidence of the existence of lenses for decoration has been found. It is unbeknown(predicate) when the first spectacles were made, but the British scientist and historian Sir Joseph Needham express in his research that the ancient Chinese invented the earliest eyeglasses 1000 years ago and were also mentioned by the Venetian Marco Polo in his account of his travels in ancient China.Alternatively, research by David A. Goss in the joined States, shows they may have originated independently in the late 13th degree centigrade in Italy as stated in a manuscript from 1305 where a monk from Pisa named Rivalto stated It is not yet 20 years since there was discovered the finesse of making eyeglasses. Spectacles were manufactured in Italy, Germany, and the Netherlands by 1300. Benito Daza de Valdes published the third harbour on optometry in 1623, where he mentioned the use and fit of eyeglasses.In 1692, William Molyneux wrote a book on optics and lenses where he stated his ideas on shortsightedness and problems related to close-up vision. The scientists Claudius Ptolemy and Johannes Kepler also contributed to the creation of optometry. Kepler discovered how the retina in the eye creates vision. From 1773 until near 1829, Thomas Young discovered the disability of astigmatism and it was George Biddell Airy who designed glasses to correct that problem that included spherocylindrical lens.Although the term optometry appeared in the 1759 book A Treatise on the Eye The Manner and Phenomena of Vision by Scottish physician William Porterfield, it was not until the early twentieth century in the United States and Australia that it began to be used to describe the profession. By the late twentieth century however, marking the distinction with dispensi ng opticians, it had become the internationally accepted term.

Police deviance Essay

Introduction     Policing has a large(p) probable for abusive conduct where guard military military officers scram perpetrators of various crimes. off from the exposure to the world of crime there is the inherent natural law glossiness which is generally susceptible to corruption. law of nature misconduct ranges from the excessive use of blistering force, excessive use of physical force, discriminatory patterns of arrest patterns of harassment among the marginalized sectors of rules of order which include the aggressive and discriminatory use of the stop and frisk and likewise harsh enforcement of petty offenses, overreaction to gang problems, lack of accountability including failure to bailiwick or prosecute abusive officers, or deter abuse by denying promotions and/or particular assignments of prior abusive behavior and a armament of other possible abuses (ACLU 1991). With this theme this paper succinctly captures and elaborates on special legal phi losophy officer misconduct much(prenominal) as the occurrence of falsehood of evidences by police officers for the use in trials.Nature of Police behave     Law enforcement is a highschoolly visible sympathetic of work and the benefits, challenges and potential problems are immense yet appear typically predictable. Films and television lot make sure that stuffs like detective stories, sitcoms with punch lines that depict well-known(prenominal) police caricatures and the like keep law enforcement on the frontlines. Not that it of necessity to be advertised police work hugs the headlines because their tasks are unavoidably sensational.     Policing is say to be characterized as an occupation with hours of boredom followed by minutes of unembellished terror (Police Culture and behavior).  What is it like to be a police officer? What are the qualifications that this specific government agency requires from their potential recruits? Who can get in and stay as assets not only when to the workplace or agency but also to the immediate club which is what police work actually entails? This paper attempts to describe and explain in prcis the personality traits and other pertinent information concerning this important role player of either community. It seeks to answer the preceding questions and attempts to present a profile of what every law enforcement agency hopes to hire from among the applicants or attract from the general ordinary. wordIdeal Police personality     In a study, the results reveal that confirms a clear personality profile with police possessing traits as authoritarianism, suspicion, racism, hostility, insecurity, conservatism, and cynicism (www.cameron.edu).     Despite the third estate thread that exists among the profiles of police, the demands that society impinges on policing style have started to effect on the qualifications expected to emerge from successful can didates. These days the police ought to display such qualities as incorruptible, well-adjusted, people-oriented, free of emotional reactions, and logical (Lefkowitz, n.d.). In addition, literature indicates that an inapplicable temperament in policing is introversion with dominance and leadership topping the suited ones.Women officers are expected to exhibit to a greater extent assertiveness especially that suspects usually do not respect female cops (Calderon, 2005). Given the culture quaint to the workforce, police tasks are not only routinary and yet demand an all-round(prenominal) ability from the person these are also in most cases stressful. Police suicides have even risen for a variety of reasons. Many are involved in risky assignments while some settle for the more mundane desk job which rarely sees action. The public have mixed cognition with the job but many are still drawn to become law enforcements recruits.Use of false evidences in trials and the police officers calculate of ethics     at that place is a set of code of ethics for every kind of profession which serves as a return that the police man adheres to in the course of his year spent in policing. It serves as a standard to the individual whose opportunities for corruption and misconduct are potentially aplenty. Adherence to the code of ethics is required more from those exercising such authority since the kind of work these people do hinges on their moral fiber. In cases involving the false evidences for use in trials, obviously, the fundamental overcompensate of the suspect has been infringed upon regardless of the fact that the individual in question has had some(prenominal) records of woeful activities or not (ACLU, 1991).The rationale for most officers engaging with this kind of dirty work is their justifiable reason that for so long the criminal had been followed and is known to do the kind of work he did that its high time the suspect be finally imprisoned . When there are no vital evidences linking the suspect to the criminal activity, police officers are tempted to plant and/or provide evidence. This has been an age-old problem and keeps recurring within the judicial system.     There are dire consequences concerning this specific act of planting false evidences against arrestees. To the police officer, the individual tends to develop or acquire the propensity to increase and cunt the opportunities for misconduct or abuses. The lines between evil and good intentions become increasingly blurred for the individual, thus enabling the person/police officer to be less accountable with his misdeeds or actions (ACLU, 1991).     In conclusion, the reforms that had been in place for the police force to lessen or reduce these abuses are somehow suitable but monitoring by citizens, the media and those in government  are go bad restraints to curb any further occurrences of similar cases of misconduct.      To act in an wrong manner such as the acts already becoming natural for police officers to do reduces and eliminates verify. When a police officer is initiated into policing, he begins with the public avow in which is done by a more superior officer before some number of audience (Kelly, 2003). When this occurs, the solemn ceremony signifies that the public entrusts to the sworn in public servant the duty to choose effective over wrong, i.e., an individual cop with all the opportunities before him will not use these instances for his own gain or that of another except for the purposes that he was employed for in the first place. Erosion of trust is not hardly a small thing it is the violation of that basic faith and trust which was expected from the man in uniform.Works citedLefkowitz, J. (n.d.). The Police and the Criminal evaluator System. Retrieved evidence 12, 2008, from http//uwf.edu/swright/Spring%202005/ch%206%20Police%20and%20the%20Criminal%20Justice%2 0System%20-%203up.pdfStrack, Lorr M.1994. Personality profile of police candidates. Journal of clinical Psychology 50(2)200-7. www.pubmed.gov.Kelly, Sean F. Internal affairs issues for small police departments FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin, The,  July, 2003  Retrieved March 17, 2008 <http//findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m2194/is_7_72/ai_107121939/pg_3_____ Police culture and behavior. Accessed March 12, 2008. <file///G/A%20POLICE/Police%20Culture.htm>American Civil Liberties Union. On the Line Police atrociousness and its remedies. New York. April 1991. Retrieved March 12, 2008 < http//www.aclu.org/police/gen/14614pub19971201.html>http//www.cameron.edu/harrison/chapter6ile.ppthttp//www.post.ca.gov/jobops/062707-062708c-stockton.pdf  

Illegal Immigration Essay

With Illegal immigrants entering the joined States daily, watchfulness grows as to what should be d wholeness about it. Illegal immigrants who enter the join States and build lives here ultimately affect our economy and society. On one positioning of the debate, you have those who believe all illegal immigrants should be deported. No exceptions should be made and citizenship should be required to enter the borders of the United States. On the other side, why not give illegal immigrants a aspect? Allow them to earn rights in the United States and eventually gain citizenship. severe debate continues over what re variety shows should be made to our nations in-migration laws.With a vision of more(prenominal) secure borders, there are those who chance illegal in-migration completely unacceptable. This side argues that Illegal immigrants be inclined no status in the United States. Those who share this point of discern often times share similar reasons as well. Many sum class jobs , available to legal United States citizens, are being brush up by illegals. Illegal immigrants are using falsified documents to gain entryway to such jobs. Its not fair that legal citizens who are feel for jobs face competition against illegal immigrants. Their use of fake social gage numbers to authenticate documents causes issues to tax brackets and governance assistance programs. Government assistance, solo intended for use by citizens in need, is being utilized by illegal immigrants. As well as wanting to keep government agencies from being utilized by wrong parties, safety is a infrangible reason for wanting more secure borders. With thousands of immigrants making the attempt into the United States daily, it is impossible to filter out violent offenders and other criminals from non- criminals. This is what scares many Ameri back citizens into wanting completely shut borders. You just dont slam who is entering the U.S. Without the ability to screen everyone who enters th e U.S., and regulate the number of immigrants entering the U.S., this side will continue to vote for closed borders.On the contrary though, normally in tune with ideals that our nation was founded by immigrants, there are those who debate ameliorate is requisite for the United States. America has been known as the buck of opportunity for centuries. Why not allow everyone a chance to thrive? Immigrants bring and have brought new ideas to our country for centuries. Every day they form a functioning part of our society as well as economy. Although some view it wrong for illegal aliens to receive government assistance, they sum up to taxes as well. With dreams of bettering ones life, immigrants usually come to the U.S. with strong trifle ethics and hopes to prosper. Blamed for the shortages in jobs, Illegal immigrants seem to fill the holes in society that legal citizens havent already filled. With them they bring value of their own cultures. This helps distill more values of cul ture into our own. Creating a more diverse country can help everyone feel more like they fit in. Illegal immigrants, with dreams of citizenship in the U.S., should be given the chance. Reform in our government should allow more eligibility for those trying to gain citizenship. Opportunity should be accessible to everyone.With illegal immigration often debated by those with strict agendas, it is palmy to see certain points of view are missed. Noted historically as one big melting pot, The United States was originally founded by immigrants. Most Americans today are descendants of immigrants who came to the U.S. hoping to find opportunity, the same as immigrants today. The United States should honor that many illegal immigrants see it as the field of opportunity. Citizenship here should not be a dream held out of pass water for so many. Immigrants bring diversity to new nations. Government reforms concerning both sides can be made. Changes that not only allow more opportunity to th ose flavor in, but strengthen and secure our borders as well. term from both sides of the debate is necessary in trying to find solutions to the immigration problems our nation faces today. wall over whether our borders be accessible or go forth shut will continue as long as great deal try to cross them. There will always be those radically opposed to immigration as will there always be those for it. With chances slim of immigration into the U.S. slowing down, parties will have to form necessary common grounds in order to preserve the integrity of our nation. pledge for the U.S. will always be the main factor in how our reform pans out. It should never be forgotten though that this is the land of opportunity, built by those who came by boat. Only views of equality can fix the issues tying up our immigration reform.Work CitedBrooks, Philip. Timeline. Immigration. Chicago Heinemann Library, 2004. 44. Print Illegal Immigration. Illegal Immigration. N.p., n.d. Web. 25 Nov. 2013 Immigration ProCon.org What Are the Solutions to Illegal Immigration in America? ProConorg Headlines. N.p., n.d. Web. 25 Nov. 2013. Smith, James P., and Barry Edmonston. Historical Background and Current Immigration Issues. The Immigration Debate Studies on the Economic, Demographic, and Fiscal Effects of Immigration. Washington, D.C. National Academy, 1998. 289-310. Print. West, Darrell M. Shifting Public Opinion. thinker Gain Rethinking U.S. Immigration Policy. Washington, D.C. Brookings Institution, 2010. 107-26. Print.

Global Financial Crisis Essay

The up-to-the-minute globose monetary crisis which became prominently visible during September of 2008 is considered by virtu anyy economists and domain of a function leadership the wrap up kind since the Great Depression. It is equated with the failure in conservatorship of the many monetary institutions based in the united States of America. The US is considered the intimately mesomorphic and the wealthiest e relegate or demesne in the whole terra firma that e truly kind that occurs brush aside affect the received shape of different countries.The failures committed by the US monetary firms feed evolved into globose crisis affecting the financial stableness of different continents ex s give wayable Europe and Asia. In Europe, cant failures and filiation in various stock indexes atomic physical body 18 experienced. Also a large simplification in market values of equities and commodities in the orb market occurred. Around the world, the United States of America is genuinely important and is the to the highest degree prominent uncouth in the world. genius proof of this is the currently destroyed presidential election of 2008.Each and all(prenominal) terra firma in the world had their bets on who is departure to attain success between the two views running for office. The whole world is not taking their eyes of on who go a mode win between John McCain, a white candidate and Barrack Obama, a black candidate. Not only the bulk of the US ar excited in the incoming moderates only each person, for the near part world leaders, ar anticipating on the victory of the republican and the one who is craving for change.McCain is the presidential candidate that each person sees as someone who go forthing continue the counseling current president George Bush rules the body politic while Obama, the early(a) presidential candidate who claims of carrying change in the style the US should be regularizeed. Every participa tion supporting both presidential candidates becomes very vocal on who to put into office. plainly now, the oddment of every fight comes and the black company and the rest of the United States hurl verbalize putting someone who is craving for change in the position making Obama the counterbalance black president of the most influential nation worldwide.Obama attaining victory has inspired a lot of people, making it viable for every person to gain what they by and large cherished and in this moment, change is ease possible or change can even-tempered be perceived. What is the connection between the current planetary financial crisis which is considered the major(ip) crisis subsequently Great Depression and the just finished presidential elections? Well, the effect of every step that the bucolic is taking affects separate countries stance. On how the new president depart govern the country and how he give strait help to an some other(prenominal) countries is what every nation is expecting from the most prominent nation in the world.While, the current global financial crisis cede started in the failure of the United States which is at one age affecting the whole world is as well very influential only when in a very negative way for some other countries. Global financial crisis is mostly equated, or can be treated as sparingal crisis because the causes and the effectuate of the said crisis argon mainly sparing and mostly on the financial stability and the economic state of the country. Economic and financial stabilities can be the changes in prices of commodities, bank failures or unemployment. near of the causes which lead to the global financial crisis are the following (1) eminent commodity prices, (2) trade, (3) inflation, (4) unemployment, (5) return of volatility, and (6) economic judicature. higher(prenominal) commodity prices can be mostly seen in the purchase of aliment and oil. sustenance is very first in the tilt be cause it is the main requisite of every person. The family should live with enough food to eat every day to maintain the health of every person. Food is the topic one need of every person in evidence to live.Oil follows food in the describe since it is the most exported and imported commodity in the world since most nations are not capable of producing oil while other nations are experiencing a surplus of oil. But the price of oil in the world market withdraw reached $147 which led to the adjoin of oil prices in every country importing oil and the arise in other prime commodities has followed. Inflation is as well present referable to excess specie supply nigh the world, speculation in commodities, agricultural failure, rise in the exist of imports and the rise in the demand for food and commodities. Unemployment is similarly considered one of the causes.The number of graduates or those people looking for jobs is growing for the most part each year while the number of jobs available does not increase as fast as the number of baseless people. It can be perceived that in the coming year, there will be 20 million people losing their jobs receivable to the financial crisis. These people who will unload jobs are mostly from the construction, real estate, financial services and auto areas and industry. Economic governance is also important since it dictates how the economy of the country should be managed not only in time when the economy is stable but also when economic instability becomes unstoppable.How world leaders and economic advisors handle the situation is very important especially in the US because whatever decision they scram will not only be perceived by the nation but also of different and other nations around the world that are mostly mutually beneficial on the US economic state. The global financial crisis can pass on to recession, rise in unemployment rate and liquid state crisis. bonny after the 2008 US presidential election , leaders of the United States admitted that the country is in recession. This delegacy that the economy is not stable as well as the financial cogency of the country.This is the mop up that can happen to the most influential country in the world since most of the countries in the world are depending on the economic changes that will be happening in the US for economic changes in their countries to also occur. other worst effect that can be pass judgment if the crisis will not be halt is the rise in the unemployment rate all over the world. Major companies will be experiencing problems in their balance sheets that may essence to the company closing scratch off or laying off a number of gainers. The global financial crisis may result in the economy slowing down and jobs will surely be affected.In what way? Investors aptitude be experiencing emotions in the presence of paper based losses and there will be a visible decline in wealth. The state of the investment can experien ce a bad state that will mint in to either close down or be interpreted over y competitors. Major companies can also result in selling their shares of stock because of the liquidity crisis. In this moment, banks will not be willing to lend money to other banks to protect the money and assets that their investors and depositors have indisputable them. It will be a lifesize risk for banks to lend money to other banks since some banks are already experiencing bankruptcy.Another thing is that importing and exporting products from other countries will be costly that the export and importation rates can be slowed down. In the exporting country, the commodity prices will be experiencing a decline. The exportation solve slowing down, there will be lower prices for goods and services. The presence of the major global financial crisis has forced policymakers to concentrate on on the problem well and come up with reforms that will address the problem encountered due to the crisis. Some policymakers had come up with reforming the global financial system in dress to address the problem.World leaders and economic advisors have already conducted meetings regarding the global financial crisis talking about possible go to address the problem itself and the problems that rooted to from the major crisis. The global financial crisis may have dangerous consequences mainly to the urban and sylvan poor, the labor sector and women and other marginalized sector of the society. These sectors are the most vulnerable to the changes that will be brought by the crisis so the country must(prenominal) first focus on these sectors. Policies focusing and protecting these sectors must be implemented to avoid involuntary yearning and unemployment rate.Since these are expected to be the most affected by the crisis, the state should be able to implement policies regarding social aegis of these sectors. Companies who are mostly managing and holding these sectors must consider the state of the workers onwards decision making to lay-off workers. The most possible way is to wish lower salary for the workers if some of them will not agree to being withdraw from the job. The lower the salary, the greater the possibility for the owners to pay all the workers and there will be no problems regarding formation of unions because of the removal of employees.The companies just need to talk it over to their employees before making a move because the laborers will be the most affected sector. Investors and depositors are starting to save money on their own than putting them on the banks since there are a number of banks experiencing difficulties in maintaining their balance sheets which can result to bankruptcy. around of these investors and depositors are afraid to trust the banks to take care of their money due to the accompaniment that when the crisis ill become bigger, they will have no money to spend on their basic needs.In this way, the state can talk to the centra l bank in lending money to banks that need most of the supplies of money to adhere to the customers needs and wants. Investors and depositors still have the rights to their investments. The state should also allot bud jack off for basic services. Long bourne plans are not possible at this very moment of crisis since as time passes by the number of people who might be experiencing difficulties due to the crisis is rising. The state should not focus on what can be done for the future but focus more on what can be done today to address the current issues brought about by the global financial crisis. terse-term goals are more conscious right now since there is a need for a quick retrieval for other people especially the ones belong to the lower-income groups, they are the most affected anyway. oversea workers have been laid-off because some companies are securing jobs for their own country men. Overseas workers should not just be removed from their work even though they are not from the country they should be given the corresponding right as every worker in the country has.Protection of these workers should also be implemented since most of them are taking jobs that the citizens of the country cannot take to get as jobs since most of them see the jobs very low. The global financial crisis might bring something unexpected to the country. As some economists have already perceived the rise in unemployment rate, liquidity crisis and recession might occur. Some may say that this is uncontrollable yet certain measures must be taken to address the problem at the present. Short time goals are the most informed at this moment. s